Short Textbook of Nursing Education

Contents
1. Review of Communication Process .............................. 1
• Definitions ...............................................................................2
• Types/Methods/Forms of Communication.....................2
• Need/Importance/Purpose of Communication .............3
• Communication Process .......................................................4
• Channels of Communication ...............................................5
• Barriers of Communication ..................................................6
• Methods of Overcoming Barriers of Communication ....6
• Techniques of Communication ...........................................7
2. Human Relations............................................................... 9
• Definition of Self-concept .....................................................9
• Understanding of Self-concept ..........................................10
• Social Behavior .....................................................................10
• Social Motivation .................................................................12
• Social Attitudes.....................................................................14
• The Individual and the Group ..........................................15
• Human Relations in Context of Nursing .........................17
• Group Dynamics ..................................................................19
• Types of Group .....................................................................21
• Teamwork..............................................................................22
3. Interpersonal Relations ................................................. 25
• Purposes of Interpersonal Relations ................................25
• Types of Interpersonal Relationship ................................26
• Phases of Interpersonal Relations .....................................26
• Barriers of Interpersonal Relations ...................................27
• Method of Overcoming this Barriers ...............................28
• Johari Window ......................................................................30
4. Principles of Education and Teaching
Learning Process .............................................................. 35
• Meaning of Education .........................................................35
• Definition of Education .......................................................36
• Aims of Education ...............................................................36
• Philosophy of Education ....................................................38
The Short Textbook of Nursing Education
xii
• Functions of Education .......................................................40
• Traditional Philosophies of Education ............................42
• Modern Contemporary Philosophies of Education ......50
• Concept of Learning ............................................................56
• Principles of Learning .........................................................59
• Laws of Learning .................................................................61
• General Principles of Teaching .........................................61
• Domains of Objectives and Formulation of
General and Specific Objectives ........................................65
• Lesson Planning ...................................................................69
• Course Planning ...................................................................74
• Unit Planning ........................................................................78
• Classroom Management .....................................................80
5. Methods of Teaching...................................................... 84
• Lecture Method ....................................................................84
• Demonstration ......................................................................87
• Group Discussion .................................................................90
• Seminar ..................................................................................93
• Symposium............................................................................96
• Panel Discussion ..................................................................98
• Role Play ............................................................................. 102
• Project Method .................................................................. 104
• Field Trip/Field Visit ....................................................... 108
• Workshop ........................................................................... 111
• Exhibition............................................................................ 114
• Computer Assisted Instruction/Learning ................... 117
• Programmed Instruction/Learning .............................. 119
• Microteaching .................................................................... 121
• Self-instructional Module ................................................ 125
• Simulation........................................................................... 127
• Clinical Teaching Method ............................................... 129
• Case Method ...................................................................... 131
• Nursing Rounds ................................................................ 132
• Morning and Evening Reports ....................................... 135
• Conference .......................................................................... 139
• Process Recording ............................................................. 142
6. Educational Media ........................................................ 145
• Definitions .......................................................................... 145
• Chalkboard or Blackboard .............................................. 149
Contents
xiii
• Charts .................................................................................. 151
• Graphs ................................................................................. 153
• Posters ................................................................................. 153
• Flashcards ........................................................................... 154
• Flannel Graph .................................................................... 156
• Bulletin Board .................................................................... 156
• Cartoons .............................................................................. 158
• Three-dimensional Aids .................................................. 159
• Printed Aids/Media ......................................................... 161
• Projected Aids .................................................................... 162
• Audio Aids ......................................................................... 169
7. Assessment ..................................................................... 170
• Observation ........................................................................ 170
• Definitions .......................................................................... 171
• Purposes of Evaluation .................................................... 171
• Scope of Evaluation and Assessment ............................ 171
• Criteria for Selection of Assessment
Technique or Characteristics of Good Evaluation ...... 172
• Methods of Evaluation ..................................................... 173
• Assessment of Knowledge (Cognitive Domain) ......... 173
• Assessment of Skills: Psychomotor Domain ............... 176
• Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) ... 181
• Assessment of Attitude .................................................... 181
8. Guidance and Counseling........................................... 184
• Guidance ............................................................................. 185
• Counseling.......................................................................... 185
• Organization of Counseling Services ............................ 189
• Approaches to Counseling .............................................. 190
• Attributes and Skills of Counselor ................................ 190
• Counseling Process ........................................................... 193
• Problem Solving Approaches ......................................... 198
• Management of Crisis and Referral ............................... 201
9. Information, Education and
Communication for Health ......................................... 205
• Health Behavior ................................................................. 205
• Changes in Behavior......................................................... 205
• Health Education .............................................................. 206
The Short Textbook of Nursing Education
xiv
• Methods and Media for Communicating
Health Messages ............................................................... 211
• Using Mass Media in Health Education ....................... 213
• Planning for Health Education ....................................... 214
Bibliography ........................................................................................ 217
Index .................................................................................................... 221