TY - BOOK AU - Shivaraja, Shankara AU - Shivaraja, Shankara TI - Laboratory Manual for Practical Biochemistry SN - 9789350902769 U1 - 612.05 SHA-L PY - 2013/// CY - New Delhi PB - Jaypee Brother KW - Human physiology N1 - Contents Section 1: Basic Laboratory Principles 1. Laboratory Equipments, Glassware, Laboratory Hazards and General Laboratory Rules......................................................................................3 Laboratory Equipments 3 Laboratory Glassware 4 Laboratory Hazards 7 Laboratory Safety Procedure 7 Laboratory First Aid 10 2. Laboratory Units, Basic Calculations and Preparation of Solutions ...............11 Units 11 Preparation of Molar and Normal Solutions 13 Preparation of Percent Solutions 14 3. Acids, Bases, Alkalies, pH, Indicators and Buffers ...........................................15 Acids and Bases 15 Alkali 15 Indicators 15 Buffers 16 Section 2: Qualitative Experiments 4. Carbohydrates ................................................................................. Laboratory Manual for Practical Biochemistry xii 6. Proteins ..................................................................................................................30 Definition 30 Elemental Composition 30 Functions 30 Classification 30 7. Color Reactions of Proteins ..................................................................................32 Protein and its Color Reactions 32 8. Precipitation Reactions of Proteins .....................................................................38 Methods of Precipitation Reactions 38 Significance of the Precipitation Reactions 39 Scheme for Identification of Unknown Proteins 41 9. Reactions of Nonprotein Nitrogenous (NPN) Substances ..................................42 Nonprotein Nitrogenous Substances 42 10. Scheme for Identification of Physiologically Important Substances ................44 11. Urine Analysis (Normal Urine) ............................................................................45 Analysis of Normal Constituents in Urine 45 Determination of Specific Gravity 45 12. Analysis of Abnormal Constituents in Urine ......................................................50 Physical Characteristics 50 Chemical Constituents 50 13. Inborn Errors of Metabolism ...............................................................................54 Screening Tests for Inborn Errors of Amino Acid Metabolism 54 Screening Tests for Inborn Errors of Carbohydrate Metabolism 56 14. Analysis of Gastric Juice ......................................................................................58 Tests for Normal Constituents 58 Tests for Abnormal Constituents 59 15. Analysis of Saliva ..................................................................................................61 Collection of Saliva 61 16. Preparation of Hemin Crystals ............................................................................63 Preparation of Hemin Crystals 63 17. Sample Collection and Preservation ...................................................................64 Blood Sample Collection and Preservation 64 Urine Collection and Preservation 65 xiii Contents Section 3: Quantitative Experiments 18. Estimation of Blood Sugar by Folin-Wu Method ...............................................69 Principle 69 Procedure 69 Calculation 70 Clinical Aignificance 71 Other Methods 71 19. Estimation of Blood Glucose by O-Toluidine Method .......................................72 Principle 72 Procedure 72 Calculation 73 20. Estimation of Blood Urea by Diacetyl Monoxime (DAM) Method ..................74 Principle 74 Procedure 74 Calculation 75 Clinical Significance 75 Other Methods 76 21. Estimation of Serum Total Protiens, Albumin and Albumin/Globulin Ratio by Biuret Method ..................................................................................................77 Principle 77 Procedure 77 Calculation 78 Clinical Significance 78 22. Estimation of Serum Albumin by Dye-Binding Method ..................................80 Principle 80 Procedure 80 Calculation 80 Other Methods 81 23. Estimation of Serum Inorganic Phosphate by Fiske and Subba Row Method ...............................................................................................82 Functions of Phosphorus 82 Principle 82 Procedure 83 Calculation 83 Clinical Significance 83 Other Method 84 Laboratory Manual for Practical Biochemistry xiv 24. Estimation of Serum Cholesterol by Zak’s Method ...........................................85 Principle 85 Procedure 85 Calculation 86 Clinical Mignificance 86 Other Methods 86 25. Estimation of Serum Uric Acid by Caraway Method .......................................87 Principle 87 Procedure 87 Calculation 88 Clinical Significance 88 Other Methods 88 26. Estimation of Serum Bilirubin by Malloy and Evelyn Method ........................89 Principle 89 Procedure 89 Calculation 90 Clinical Significance 90 27. Estimation of Serum Creatinine by Jaffe’s Alkaline Picrate Method ..............92 Creatine 92 Principle 92 Calculation 93 Clinical Significance 93 28. Estimation of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) in Plasma by Sauberlich Method ................................................................................................94 Principle 94 Procedure 94 Calculation 94 Clinical Sgnificance 95 29. Estimation of Vitamin A in Serum by Bessey Method ......................................96 Principle 96 Procedure 96 Calculation 96 Clinical Significance 96 30. Estimation of Serum Transaminases by Reitman and Frankel Method ..........97 Principle 97 Procedure 97 Calculation 98 Clinical Significance 98 Other Methods 99 xv Contents 31. Estimation of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase by Kind and King Method .......................................................................................100 Principle 100 Clinical Significance 101 32. Estimation of Serum Calcium by O-Cresolphthalein Complexone Method ...........................................................................................102 Principle 102 Calculation 103 Clinical Significance 103 Other Methods 103 33. Estimation of Urine Creatinine By Jaffe Alkaline Picrate Method ................104 Principle 104 Procedure 104 Calculation 104 Clinical Significance 105 34. Estimation of Urinary Proteins by Turbidimetric Method .............................106 Principle 106 Procedure 106 Calculation 106 Other Methods 107 Section 4: Clinical Biochemistry Techniques and Recent Aspects of Clinical Biochemistry 35. Colorimetry—General Principle and Procedure .............................................111 Principle 111 Procedure 113 Calculation 113 Applications of Colorimetric Assays 113 36. Potentiometry ......................................................................................................114 Indicator Electrodes 115 pH Meter 115 Ion-Selective Electrodes 117 37. Flame Photometer—General Principle and Procedure ...................................118 Flame Photometry 118 Laboratory Manual for Practical Biochemistry xvi 38. Electrophoresis—General Principle and Procedure ........................................121 Electrophoresis 121 39. Chromatography—General Principle and Procedure.....................................124 Chromatography 124 40. Automation in Clinical Biochemistry ................................................................128 Types of Analyzers 128 41. Quality Control in Clinical Biochemistry .........................................................130 Investigation of Clinical Laboratory 130 42. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test...............................................................................134 Assessing the Status of Glucose Tolerance 134 43. Case Reports ........................................................................................................139 44. Normal Values of Biochemical Parameters ......................................................147 Section 5: Reagent Preparations 45. Reagent Preparations .........................................................................................153 Reagents for Qualitative Experiments 153 Reagents for Quantitative Experiments 155 Index 159 UR - https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZjbrmQEACAAJ&dq=Laboratory+Manual+for+Practical+Biochemistry+By:+Shivaraja,+Shankara.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJt5-n7o3iAhXS63MBHY0RDnQQ6AEIKjAA ER -