Biochemistry for Students
Malhotra, V K
Biochemistry for Students - 11th - New Delhi Jaypee Brother 2008 - 392p.
Chapter 1. Biophysics 1
• Hydrogen Ion Concentration, pH 1
• Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure 10
• Colloids 14
• Surface Tension 15
• Absorption 16
• Viscosity 16
Chapter 2. Chemistry of Carbohydrates 17
• Carbohydrates 17
• Functions of Carbohydrates 17
• Classification of Carbohydrates 17
• Monosaccharides 17
• Oligosaccharides 37
• Polysaccharides 41
• Homopolysaccharides (Homoglycans) 42
• Heteropolysaccharides (Heteroglycans) 45
Chapter 3. Chemistry of Lipids 50
• Simple Lipids 51
• Compound Lipids 59
• Derived Lipid 64
Chapter 4. Chemistry of Amino Acids and Proteins 70
• Chemistry of Amino Acids 70
• Peptides 75
• Proteins 80
Chapter 5. Hemoglobin 96
• Porphins 96
• Porphyrins 97
• Hemoglobin 97
• Porphyria 107
Chapter 6. Enzymes 113
• Factors Influencing the Rate of Enzymatic Reactions 116
• Enzyme Activity 123
• Enzyme Inhibitions 124
• Catalytic Site or the Active Sites of the Enzymes 127
• Enzyme Induction 128
• Therapeutic Enzymes 130
• Diagnostic Value of Plasma Enzymes 130
x Biochemistry for Students
Chapter 7. Biological Oxidation 132
• Mixed Function Oxidases 134
• High Energy Compounds 135
• Respiratory Chain 135
Chapter 8. Metabolism of Carbohydrates 142
• Glycolysis 142
• Citric Acid Cycle 145
• Energetics 149
• Glycogenesis 154
• Gluconeogenesis 160
• Galactose Metabolism 162
• Galactosemia 163
• Fructose Metabolism 163
• Lactose Synthesis 164
• Uronic Acid Pathway 165
• Regulation of Blood Glucose 166
Chapter 9. Metabolism of Lipids 174
• Plasma Lipoproteins 174
Chapter 10. Metabolism of Proteins 199
• Digestion and Absorption 199
• Urea Cycle (Krebs-Henseleit Cycle) or
Ornithine Cycle 203
• Glycine 209
• Methionine 213
• Cysteine and Cystine 214
• Phenylalanine and Tyrosine 216
• Tryptophan 223
• Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine 225
Chapter 11. Nucleic Acid—Chemistry and Metabolism 227
• Nucleic Acids 230
Chapter 12. Vitamins 244
• Fat-Soluble Vitamins 246
• Vitamin A 246
• Vitamin D 248
• Vitamin E (Antisterility Vitamin, Fertility Factor) 250
• Vitamin K (Coagulation Factor) 251
• Water-Soluble Vitamins 253
• Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid, Antiscorbutic Vitamin) 253
• Vitamin B Complex 254
• Pantothenic Acid 259
• Pyridoxine (Antiachrodynia Factor) 260
Contents xi
• Biotin 261
• Folic Acid 263
• Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12, Antipernicious Factor,
Castle’s Extrinsic Factor) 265
• Antivitamins 267
Chapter 13. Acid-base Balance 268
• Electrolyte Composition of Plasma 268
• Mechanism 268
• Classification 273
Chapter 14. Water and Mineral Metabolism 276
• Biological Importance of Water 276
• Minerals 279
• Iron 280
• Calcium 282
• Sodium 284
• Potassium 285
• Phosphorus 286
• Sulfur 286
• Copper 287
• Zinc 288
• Fluoride 288
Chapter 15. Xenobiotics 290
• Metabolism of Xenobiotics 290
Chapter 16. Nutrition 294
• Respiratory Quotient (Rq) 295
• Basal Metabolic Rate 296
• Specific Dynamic Action 296
• Biological Value of Proteins 297
• Net Protein Utilization 298
• Net Dietary Protein Value 298
• Caloric Requirement 298
• Dietary Fiber 299
• Protein-Calorie Malnutrition 300
• Water as an Essential Nutrient 302
• Food Values 302
• 1500 Calories Diabetic Diet Chart 305
Chapter 17. Organ Function Tests 309
• Liver Function Tests 309
• Renal Function Tests 313
• Pancreatic Function Test 317
• Gastrointestinal Tract Function Test 320
xii Biochemistry for Students
Chapter 18. Immunology 321
• Functions of T Cells 325
Chapter 19. Cancer 337
Chapter 20. Hormones 341
• Insulin 345
• Glucagon 347
• Triiodothyronine (T3
) and Thyroxine (T4
) 348
• Calcitonin 349
• Parathormone 349
• Thyroid Gland 350
• Hormones of Adrenal Medulla 350
• Hormones of the Gonads 351
• Progesterone 352
• Placental Hormones 353
• Hormones of Gi Tract 353
• Anterior Pituitary Hormones 353
• Posterior Pituitary Hormones 355
• Adrenal Steroid Hormones 355
• Mineral Corticoids 356
Chapter 21. Protein Biosynthesis 357
• Activation Step 358
• Initiation of Polypeptide Chain (In Ribosomes) 360
• Elongation 362
• Termination 364
• Codon 366
• Gene 367
• Regulation of Gene Expression 367
Chapter 22. Instrumentation 370
• Colorimetry 370
• Electrophoresis 371
• Isotopes and their Application 372
• Electrometric Determination of ph 373
• Estimation of Nitrogen Content by Micro-Kjeldahl
Method 375
• Chromatography 377
Index 381
9788180610387
Nursing
612.015 MAL-B
Biochemistry for Students - 11th - New Delhi Jaypee Brother 2008 - 392p.
Chapter 1. Biophysics 1
• Hydrogen Ion Concentration, pH 1
• Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure 10
• Colloids 14
• Surface Tension 15
• Absorption 16
• Viscosity 16
Chapter 2. Chemistry of Carbohydrates 17
• Carbohydrates 17
• Functions of Carbohydrates 17
• Classification of Carbohydrates 17
• Monosaccharides 17
• Oligosaccharides 37
• Polysaccharides 41
• Homopolysaccharides (Homoglycans) 42
• Heteropolysaccharides (Heteroglycans) 45
Chapter 3. Chemistry of Lipids 50
• Simple Lipids 51
• Compound Lipids 59
• Derived Lipid 64
Chapter 4. Chemistry of Amino Acids and Proteins 70
• Chemistry of Amino Acids 70
• Peptides 75
• Proteins 80
Chapter 5. Hemoglobin 96
• Porphins 96
• Porphyrins 97
• Hemoglobin 97
• Porphyria 107
Chapter 6. Enzymes 113
• Factors Influencing the Rate of Enzymatic Reactions 116
• Enzyme Activity 123
• Enzyme Inhibitions 124
• Catalytic Site or the Active Sites of the Enzymes 127
• Enzyme Induction 128
• Therapeutic Enzymes 130
• Diagnostic Value of Plasma Enzymes 130
x Biochemistry for Students
Chapter 7. Biological Oxidation 132
• Mixed Function Oxidases 134
• High Energy Compounds 135
• Respiratory Chain 135
Chapter 8. Metabolism of Carbohydrates 142
• Glycolysis 142
• Citric Acid Cycle 145
• Energetics 149
• Glycogenesis 154
• Gluconeogenesis 160
• Galactose Metabolism 162
• Galactosemia 163
• Fructose Metabolism 163
• Lactose Synthesis 164
• Uronic Acid Pathway 165
• Regulation of Blood Glucose 166
Chapter 9. Metabolism of Lipids 174
• Plasma Lipoproteins 174
Chapter 10. Metabolism of Proteins 199
• Digestion and Absorption 199
• Urea Cycle (Krebs-Henseleit Cycle) or
Ornithine Cycle 203
• Glycine 209
• Methionine 213
• Cysteine and Cystine 214
• Phenylalanine and Tyrosine 216
• Tryptophan 223
• Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine 225
Chapter 11. Nucleic Acid—Chemistry and Metabolism 227
• Nucleic Acids 230
Chapter 12. Vitamins 244
• Fat-Soluble Vitamins 246
• Vitamin A 246
• Vitamin D 248
• Vitamin E (Antisterility Vitamin, Fertility Factor) 250
• Vitamin K (Coagulation Factor) 251
• Water-Soluble Vitamins 253
• Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid, Antiscorbutic Vitamin) 253
• Vitamin B Complex 254
• Pantothenic Acid 259
• Pyridoxine (Antiachrodynia Factor) 260
Contents xi
• Biotin 261
• Folic Acid 263
• Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12, Antipernicious Factor,
Castle’s Extrinsic Factor) 265
• Antivitamins 267
Chapter 13. Acid-base Balance 268
• Electrolyte Composition of Plasma 268
• Mechanism 268
• Classification 273
Chapter 14. Water and Mineral Metabolism 276
• Biological Importance of Water 276
• Minerals 279
• Iron 280
• Calcium 282
• Sodium 284
• Potassium 285
• Phosphorus 286
• Sulfur 286
• Copper 287
• Zinc 288
• Fluoride 288
Chapter 15. Xenobiotics 290
• Metabolism of Xenobiotics 290
Chapter 16. Nutrition 294
• Respiratory Quotient (Rq) 295
• Basal Metabolic Rate 296
• Specific Dynamic Action 296
• Biological Value of Proteins 297
• Net Protein Utilization 298
• Net Dietary Protein Value 298
• Caloric Requirement 298
• Dietary Fiber 299
• Protein-Calorie Malnutrition 300
• Water as an Essential Nutrient 302
• Food Values 302
• 1500 Calories Diabetic Diet Chart 305
Chapter 17. Organ Function Tests 309
• Liver Function Tests 309
• Renal Function Tests 313
• Pancreatic Function Test 317
• Gastrointestinal Tract Function Test 320
xii Biochemistry for Students
Chapter 18. Immunology 321
• Functions of T Cells 325
Chapter 19. Cancer 337
Chapter 20. Hormones 341
• Insulin 345
• Glucagon 347
• Triiodothyronine (T3
) and Thyroxine (T4
) 348
• Calcitonin 349
• Parathormone 349
• Thyroid Gland 350
• Hormones of Adrenal Medulla 350
• Hormones of the Gonads 351
• Progesterone 352
• Placental Hormones 353
• Hormones of Gi Tract 353
• Anterior Pituitary Hormones 353
• Posterior Pituitary Hormones 355
• Adrenal Steroid Hormones 355
• Mineral Corticoids 356
Chapter 21. Protein Biosynthesis 357
• Activation Step 358
• Initiation of Polypeptide Chain (In Ribosomes) 360
• Elongation 362
• Termination 364
• Codon 366
• Gene 367
• Regulation of Gene Expression 367
Chapter 22. Instrumentation 370
• Colorimetry 370
• Electrophoresis 371
• Isotopes and their Application 372
• Electrometric Determination of ph 373
• Estimation of Nitrogen Content by Micro-Kjeldahl
Method 375
• Chromatography 377
Index 381
9788180610387
Nursing
612.015 MAL-B